FRAMEWORK: ORM – Object Relational Mapping ~ JAVA INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Tuesday, 14 January 2014

FRAMEWORK: ORM – Object Relational Mapping

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ORM (Object Relational Mapping) is a programming concept of a mapping between Object Oriented Programming and Relational Database. It’s the technique to frame the components of Relational Database to Object Oriented Programming, to do CRUD operations. It creates an object oriented representation of a relational database, so that developers can push or pop data to database as an object.

Databases are designed on the basis of Mathematical principle where as programming languages like Java, C++, C# are based on Object Oriented Programming principle. Objects have behavior and attribute, it’s good on business modeling where on the other hand database is only deals with large amount of data. Now due to this conceptual deference, in real life scenario, database transactions become unmanageable, when we are dealing with large amount of data transaction. So to bridge this difference, ORM is introduced. It’s the process of mapping tables to class objects, so that data transactions could be easier.

Pros:

Create classes replicating database tables, in programming language side, so that programs can interacts with objects not direct tables.
Provides APIs for normal CRUD (Create Read Update Delete) operations, so no need to write queries for that.
Some provides query language which is database independent.
Provision to interact with multiple databases.
Helps to manage business logic easily when dealing with big amount of data, and lots of database transaction.

Corns:

No need to use when your application doesn't involve much database interaction.
Little bit heavier than native database connectivity.

216 Responses to “ FRAMEWORK: ORM – Object Relational Mapping ”

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Mitali said... 17 May 2025 at 00:42 Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is a fundamental technique that bridges the gap between Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Relational Databases. Medical Coding Courses in Norway
Ayush said... 18 May 2025 at 13:30 Well written article. Medical Coding Courses in Norway
Monisha said... 21 May 2025 at 15:59 This is an excellent breakdown of ORM fundamentals! You've clearly explained the core purpose of bridging object-oriented programming with relational databases. The comparison between mathematical database principles and OOP behavior is particularly helpful for understanding why ORM exists. Your balanced presentation of both pros (like database independence) and cons (performance considerations) provides valuable perspective for developers evaluating ORM solutions. The emphasis on when to use ORM - for complex data transactions rather than simple applications - shows practical wisdom. This post serves as a great introduction to ORM concepts for both new and experienced developers. Medical Coding Courses in Kochi
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rani iimskills said... 24 May 2025 at 17:22 Object Relational Mapping (ORM) is a programming technique that simplifies data manipulation between object-oriented languages and relational databases. It acts as a bridge by mapping database tables to classes in code, enabling developers to interact with the database using objects rather than raw SQL queries. ORM frameworks like Hibernate (Java), Entity Framework (.NET), and Sequelize (Node.js) automate CRUD operations, reduce boilerplate code, and improve productivity. This abstraction allows developers to focus more on business logic and less on database details, enhancing maintainability and reducing errors. Moreover, ORM frameworks support database portability, making applications less dependent on specific database systems. They also provide features like lazy loading, caching, and transaction management, which optimize performance and resource use. Medical Coding Courses in Coimbatore
Aditya Shankar said... 13 June 2025 at 12:53 Thank you for this concise and practical overview of ORM (Object‑Relational Mapping) — your breakdown of how it bridges object‑oriented languages like Java with relational databases is very clear. You’ve highlighted the core benefits—simplified CRUD through object APIs, database independence via query languages, and easier handling of complex data transactions—while also noting when ORM might be overkill. Mentioning the lighter weight option for applications with minimal DB interaction is a thoughtful caveat. This post is a great primer for anyone preparing for Java/Hibernate interviews or designing data access layers. Looking forward to more in‑depth tutorials—perhaps comparing Hibernate with iBATIS/MyBatis! Medical Coding Courses in Mumbai
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Jitendra said... 14 June 2025 at 10:28 Clear and helpful post, Your explanations of ORM frameworks—their roles, benefits, and popular options—made it easy to understand how they bridge Java objects and databases. Perfect for anyone learning about ORMs. Medical Coding Courses in Mumbai
Anonymous said... 19 June 2025 at 19:51 Great overview of ORM and its role in bridging the gap between object-oriented programming and relational databases. The explanation is clear, especially highlighting how ORM simplifies CRUD operations and improves manageability for complex applications. Medical Coding Courses in Mumbai
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